The purpose of this study was to determine (1) the concentrations of India ink and indocyanine green that resulted in high-visibility tattoos without significant tissue inflammation and (2) the India ink injection volume that produces best visibility at colonoscopy, laparoscopy, and laparotomy. (Gastrointest Endosc 2002 56:339-42.)īackground: Controversy exists concerning the safety and efficacy of colonic tattooing for the intraoperative identification of polypectomy sites.
It is also useful for endoscopic follow-up of patients who have not undergone surgery. Conclusions: SPOT is a safe and effective marker for use at colonoscopy when surgical resection is anticipated. In the nonoperated group, 42 patients subsequently underwent colonoscopies at our institution, and in all cases stains were readily identifiable at the injection sites. In total, there were 118 SPOT injections in 113 patients none had fever, abdominal pain, or any other signs or symptoms of inflammation develop. On histopathologic evaluation, none of the resection specimens exhibited necrosis or abscess formation. Results: The SPOT injection sites were visible to the surgeons in all 10 cases. An additional 103 patients underwent colonoscopic injection with SPOT and were followed endoscopically or underwent surgery at another hospital. Methods: Ten patients with colonic polyps deemed endoscopically unresectable or malignant-appearing had the area surrounding the lesions injected with SPOT and subsequently underwent surgical resection. SPOT, a prepackaged, sterile Food and Drug Administration-approved formulation of pure carbon particles in suspension, eliminates the need for preinjection preparation. The most commonly used indelible marker has been India ink, which must be diluted and sterilized, a cumbersome process. Technology Status Evaluation Reports are not rules and should not be construed as establishing a legal standard of care or as encouraging, advocating, requiring, or discouraging any particular treatment or payment for such treatment.īackground: Endoscopic marking of intestinal lesions is essential when difficulty is anticipated with subsequent localization during surgical resection or postpolypectomy surveillance. Technology Status Evaluation Reports are scientific reviews provided solely for educational and informational purposes. For this review, the MEDLINE database was searched through January 2010 for articles related to endoscopic tattooing by using the Keywords tattooing, colonic, endoscopic, India ink, indocyanine green in different search term combinations.
When financial guidance is indicated, the most recent coding data and list prices at the time of publication are provided. Technology Status Evaluation Reports are drafted by 1 or 2 members of the ASGE Technology Committee, reviewed and edited by the committee as a whole, and approved by the Governing Board of the ASGE.
Technical data are gathered from traditional and Web-based publications, proprietary publications, and informal communications with pertinent vendors. In such cases, large case series, preliminary clinical studies, and expert opinions are used. Controlled clinical trials are emphasized, but in many cases, data from randomized, controlled trials are lacking. Both are supplemented by accessing the “related articles” feature of PubMed and by scrutinizing pertinent references cited by the identified studies. Food and Drug Administration Center for Devices and Radiological Health) database search to identify the reported complications of a given technology. Evidence-based methodology is used, with a MEDLINE literature search to identify pertinent clinical studies on the topic and a MAUDE (U.S. The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) Technology Committee provides reviews of existing, new, or emerging endoscopic technologies that have an impact on the practice of GI endoscopy.
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